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Challenges of AI-generated stigmatizing language regarding substance use disorders

Stigmatizing language describing substance use behaviors in clinical documentation and in patient education materials can harm patients and their families. Recent literature has discouraged the use of stigmatizing language in treatment settings and medical documentation. However, large language models (LLMs) generate output using previously generated text, including sources such as electronic health records which may include stigmatizing language. While artificial intelligence (AI) developers...

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

A snapshot of Italian nursing homes for people with dementia: A national survey of 1671 facilities

BackgroundNursing homes (NHs) that provide for people with dementia (PWD) are responsible for meeting the needs of patients and their families through medical, personal, and rehabilitative care. However, little is known regarding the Italian facilities.ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of NHs and to detail the care services and treatments provided.MethodsIn 2023, the Italian National Institute of Health conducted a national survey to assess dementia care services and update the Dementia...

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

Emerging trends and research hot spots in inborn error of immunity: A bibliometric perspective

CONCLUSION: Over 3 decades, IEI research has expanded substantially, reflecting a paradigm shift toward molecular discovery and international collaboration. Persistent regional disparities highlight the need for inclusive genomic studies and equitable partnerships, providing strategic insights to advance clinical immunology and enhance care for patients with rare immune disorders.

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

EAU-ESPU-ERN eUROGEN-ERN ITHACA-ERN ERKNet-IFSBH Guidelines on Spinal Dysraphism in Children and Adolescents: Summary of the Guideline

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This summary of the 2025 EAU/ESPU/ERN eUrogen/ERN ITHACA/ERN ErkNet/IFSBH guideline provides updated guidance for evidence-based management of children and adolescents with spinal dysraphism.

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

Managing Enterococcus faecium bloodstream infection: a Delphi document on clinical recommendations and research agenda

BACKGROUND: Management of E faecium bloodstream infections (BSIs) remains debated, particularly the clinical impact of vancomycin resistance, the role of follow-up cultures, and optimal therapeutic regimens. This study aimed to reach expert consensus on these unresolved clinical domains and identify priorities for future research.

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

Graft rejection across solid organ transplants: mechanisms, monitoring, and immunosuppressive therapeutics

CONCLUSION: Future strategies must emphasize personalized, biomarker-guided regimens, immune tolerance induction, and AI-driven diagnostics to achieve durable graft acceptance with minimal complications. Integration of consensus frameworks and precision medicine approaches will be essential to improving long-term graft survival and patient health.

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

Association of preadmission metformin use and prognosis in patients with sepsis with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis links preadmission metformin use in diabetic sepsis patients to reduced mortality-particularly 28-day, 90-day, 365-day, and in-hospital-along with decreased serum creatinine. Clinically and from a public health standpoint, these data support the integration of metformin history as a favorable prognostic indicator into updated clinical guidelines, thereby informing future antimicrobial stewardship and sepsis bundle strategies. These findings support further...

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

ELSO guidelines development: A roadmap

The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) has progressively transformed its guideline framework to meet the increasing clinical, scientific, and operational demands of modern extracorporeal life support. Since its establishment in 1989, ELSO has supported Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) programs worldwide through education, data reporting, and consensus-building. Recent expansions in ECMO utilization, coupled with rapidly growing evidence, have necessitated a more...

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Brain Aging Hallmarks: Implications for Neurodegeneration and Neural Recovery

CONCLUSION: miRNAs are key regulators of brain aging and neurodegeneration and hold promise as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, clinical application is limited by disease heterogeneity, context-dependent effects, off-target activity, and challenges in central nervous system delivery. Further research is needed to support safe and effective miRNA-based interventions.

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

Clinical update on the use of prazosin for night-time symptoms of PTSD

ObjectiveTo provide a clinical update on the treatment of night-time symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with prazosin, which is a centrally acting alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist.MethodsWe performed a narrative review of the relevant literature and Clinical Practice Guidelines pertaining to treatment of trauma-related nightmares and insomnia with prazosin.ResultsThere is a high degree of heterogeneity among the limited clinical trials to date. However, the most recent...

May 6, 2026Read Abstract →

Total enteral vs. parenteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis: an updated systematic review and GRADE-assessed meta-analysis

CONCLUSION: Our updated meta-analysis demonstrates that total enteral nutrition is associated with significantly better clinical outcomes than total parenteral nutrition in patients with severe acute pancreatitis, particularly in reducing infection, organ failure, and mortality. Although differences in secondary outcomes were not statistically significant, the overall evidence supports TEN as the preferred nutritional approach in SAP management.

May 5, 2026Read Abstract →

A complex intervention to support the use of sedative drugs in specialist palliative care: results from the iSedPall pilot study

CONCLUSIONS: An implementation study would benefit from adaptations regarding the intervention, study design, and implementation strategy. Especially the nursing perspective has to be considered to a greater extent for strengthening the palliative care approach. Context-specific factors seem to play a key role in implementation. Therefore, training of in-group champions, considering local technical and personal resources, and actively engaging the team could mitigate potential barriers and...

May 5, 2026Read Abstract →

Considerable heterogeneity in the management approaches to beta-lactam allergies in real-life practice: Results of a nationwide survey from Turkey

CONCLUSION: This nationwide study revealed considerable variability in allergists' clinical practices regarding the management of BL allergy. The implementation of standardized algorithms improves consistency in real-life practice.

May 5, 2026Read Abstract →

Genomic newborn screening: data retention for research and clinical reuse

The integration of genomic sequencing into public health newborn screening (NBS), gNBS, could identify far more children that would meet screening guidelines than existing biochemical NBS. The retention of genomic data from gNBS could have huge benefits for research and could also enable potential clinical reuse. Many different ethical frameworks can support not seeking parental permission for traditional NBS, and indeed, most programs around the world do not do so, and are either mandatory or...

May 5, 2026Read Abstract →

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Childhood Allergic Diseases: Increased Risk of Asthma Onset in the SENDO Project

CONCLUSION: Higher UPF consumption may be associated with an increased risk of developing asthma in school-age children.

May 5, 2026Read Abstract →