Effectiveness of support-based interventions on self-efficacy in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of social support interventions on improving self-efficacy in patients with diabetes. A literature search was performed using Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Embase for studies published between January 2014 and December 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using R software. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. From 5543 records, this research included six randomized controlled trials involving 1030 adult patients with diabetes. Social support interventions were effective in improving self-efficacy (Standardized Mean Difference = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.48-2.18) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 95%), demonstrating that social support can significantly enhance self-efficacy. This study demonstrates the impact of social support interventions on self-efficacy among diabetes patients. The findings of this systematic review strongly advocate for the prioritization and expansion of social support interventions in diabetes care, underscoring the urgent need for continued and enhanced research in this critical area (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024566185).