Sport for Development and Peace Reviews: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Abstract

In the last decade, Sport for Development (SFD) and Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) reviews have seen an increase in published review research to explore the potential of sport as a vehicle for development to attain Sustainable Development Goals among others. Some reviews have been conducted on several related themes, but to date, no attempt has been made to evaluate and scrutinize review contributions in this field. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of SFD/SDP reviews to provide a complete and updated picture of the field of research. A scoping systematic review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines was used to identify reviews published on SFD/SDP since 2000. After applying strict inclusion criteria in eight languages, including gray literature, 21 reviews were identified through database searches in Scopus, SPORTDiscus, ScieLO, SocINDEX, ProQuest, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Experts from the field were consulted, mapping of authors and overlapping of studies were conducted and the quality of reviews was assessed. Findings highlighted diverse thematic focuses, including those aligned with Sustainable Development Goals such as health promotion, gender equality, and educational outcomes, alongside novel areas such as managerial implications and critical pedagogy. Despite the wealth of research, consensus on sport's developmental potential remains elusive, hindered by methodological limitations and a dearth of quality assessments. Moreover, the dominance of English publications underscores a need for linguistic inclusivity, while re-evaluating terminology and expanding disciplinary engagement can enrich and globalize the discourse. Critical reflection is warranted on the historical context of SFD/SDP, moving beyond colonial narratives to embrace diverse development paradigms, including intra-European perspectives. The field of SFD/SDP seems to need initiatives that focus on bottom-up approaches, with long-term monitoring, evaluation of changes over time, attention to cultural contexts, and local participation. It also necessitates a rigorous revision of methodologies to better elucidate the multi-level impact of sport-based initiatives on achieving developmental objectives, and to bring in the viewpoints of other disciplines to gain a more complex understanding of the SFD/SDP field.